volcano.si.edu

Programa Global de Vulcanología: una ventana a la apasionante historia de la Tierra

Imagina un mundo donde las montañas respiran fuego y cenizas. Sitio web del volcán. si. edu es exactamente el lugar donde se recopilan todos los datos sobre este tipo de eventos. Es un proyecto del Smithsonian llamado Programa Global de Vulcanología o GVP. Lo que están haciendo es documentar erupciones durante los últimos doce mil años. No sólo grandes desastres sino también pequeños. ¿Por qué es esto importante? Porque para comprender el futuro es necesario conocer el pasado.

El objetivo del programa es la rápida transferencia de información. Cuando ocurre una erupción en algún lugar, los observadores locales lo informan y un mes después se publica un boletín. Pero también hay una retrospectiva. Recopilan registros históricos y datos geológicos. Todo esto en conjunto nos ayuda a prepararnos para lo que pueda suceder mañana. La base de datos Volcanes del Mundo contiene un catálogo de todas las montañas activas durante 12.000 años.

¿Qué hay dentro de la base de datos?

Hay listas de volcanes que entraron en erupción en 2025. Puede encontrar informes sobre la actividad actual. Hay resúmenes diarios y semanales. Por ejemplo, recientemente se informó de una nueva grieta de lava en el suroeste en junio de 2024. O de la fuerte actividad del lago de lava desde octubre de 2023 hasta mayo de 2024. Nubes de ceniza, anomalías térmicas, todo esto está registrado. Incluso pequeñas explosiones como la del 18 de diciembre de 2023 no pasan desapercibidas.

Curiosamente, ahora hay entre 40 y 50 erupciones en curso al mismo tiempo. En total, durante los últimos 12 mil años ha habido alrededor de 1222 volcanes activos. Hay 693 de ellos en el mundo que pertenecen al Holoceno, lo que supone el 57 por ciento del total. Están dispersos en 41 regiones diferentes. Los países más activos son Estados Unidos Japón Indonesia Rusia Chile. A veces la gente pregunta ¿cuántas personas viven cerca de montañas peligrosas? Diez volcanes albergan a más de un millón de habitantes en un radio de cinco kilómetros.

Algunas montañas arden durante mucho tiempo. Hay 106 erupciones que duraron cinco años o más. ¡Y es posible que el volcán Yasur en Vanuatu haya estado en erupción durante más de 750 años! Esto es simplemente increíble. La base de datos se actualiza periódicamente. En diciembre de 2025 se lanzó la versión 5. 3. 4. También en agosto lanzaron un nuevo proyecto junto con el USGS que proporciona breves informes diarios de lunes a viernes.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:secure_url content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:type content: image/jpeg
• property: og:image:alt content: Smithsonian GVP Logo
• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
• name: twitter:card content: summary_large_image

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