volcano.si.edu

全球火山学计划：一扇了解地球火热历史的窗口

想象一个山脉喷出火焰和灰烬的世界。 火山网站。 si。 edu 正是收集有关此类事件的所有数据的地方。 这是史密森尼的一个项目，称为全球火山学计划（GVP）。 他们正在做的是记录过去一万二千年来的火山喷发。 不仅有大灾难，还有小灾难。 为什么这很重要？因为要了解未来，您需要了解过去。

该计划的重点是信息的快速传递。 当某个地方发生火山喷发时，当地观察员会报告这一情况，并在一个月后发布公告。 但也有一个回顾。 他们收集历史记录和地质数据。 所有这些共同帮助我们为明天可能发生的事情做好准备。 世界火山数据库包含 12,000 年来所有活动山脉的目录。

数据库中有什么？

列出了 2025 年喷发的火山。您可以找到有关当前活动的报告。 有每日总结和每周总结。 例如，最近有报道称，2024年6月，西南地区出现了新的熔岩裂缝。或者说，2023年10月至2024年5月，熔岩湖活动强烈。灰羽、热异常，这一切都被记录下来。 即使像 2023 年 12 月 18 日这样的小爆炸也不会被忽视。

有趣的是，现在大约有 40-50 次火山喷发同时进行。 在过去的 12000 年里，总共约有 1222 座活火山。 全世界有693个属于全新世，占总数的57%。 他们分布在 41 个不同的地区。 最活跃的国家是美国、日本、印度尼西亚、俄罗斯、智利。 有时人们会问有多少人生活在险山附近？方圆五公里内有十座火山，人口超过一百万人。

有些山会燃烧很长时间。 持续五年或以上的火山喷发有 106 次。 而瓦努阿图的亚苏尔火山可能已经喷发了750多年！这简直不可思议。 该数据库定期更新。 2025年12月，发布5.3.4版本。同样是在八月，他们与美国地质勘探局 (USGS) 共同启动了一个新项目，该项目从周一到周五提供简短的每日报告。

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:secure_url content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:type content: image/jpeg
• property: og:image:alt content: Smithsonian GVP Logo
• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
• name: twitter:card content: summary_large_image

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