volcano.si.edu

Programme mondial de volcanologie : une fenêtre sur l'histoire ardente de la Terre

Imaginez un monde où les montagnes crachent du feu et des cendres. Site Web du volcan. si. edu est exactement l'endroit où toutes les données sur de tels événements sont collectées. Il s'agit d'un projet du Smithsonian appelé Global Volcanology Program, ou GVP. Ce qu'ils font, c'est documenter les éruptions des douze mille dernières années. Non seulement les grandes catastrophes, mais aussi les petites. Pourquoi est-ce important ? Parce que pour comprendre l’avenir, il faut connaître le passé.

L'objectif du programme est le transfert rapide d'informations. Lorsqu'une éruption se produit quelque part, les observateurs locaux le signalent et un mois plus tard, un bulletin est publié. Mais il y a aussi une rétrospective. Ils collectent des documents historiques et des données géologiques. Tout cela ensemble nous aide à nous préparer à ce qui pourrait arriver demain. La base de données Volcans du Monde contient un catalogue de toutes les montagnes actives depuis 12 000 ans.

Que contient la base de données ?

Il existe des listes de volcans qui sont entrés en éruption en 2025. Vous pouvez trouver des rapports sur l'activité actuelle. Il existe des résumés quotidiens et hebdomadaires. Par exemple, on a récemment signalé une nouvelle fissure de lave dans le sud-ouest en juin 2024. Ou encore la forte activité du lac de lave d'octobre 2023 à mai 2024. Panaches de cendres, anomalies thermiques, tout cela est enregistré. Même les petites explosions comme celle du 18 décembre 2023 ne passent pas inaperçues.

Fait intéressant, il y a maintenant environ 40 à 50 éruptions en cours en même temps. Au total, au cours des 12 000 dernières années, il y a eu environ 1 222 volcans actifs. Il y en a 693 dans le monde qui appartiennent à l’Holocène, soit 57 % du total. Ils sont répartis dans 41 régions différentes. Les pays les plus actifs sont les USA Japon Indonésie Russie Chili. Parfois, les gens demandent combien de personnes vivent à proximité de montagnes dangereuses ? Dix volcans abritent plus d'un million d'habitants dans un rayon de cinq kilomètres.

Certaines montagnes brûlent très longtemps. Il y a 106 éruptions qui ont duré cinq ans ou plus. Et le volcan Yasur au Vanuatu est peut-être en éruption depuis plus de 750 ans ! C'est tout simplement incroyable. La base de données est mise à jour régulièrement. En décembre 2025, la version 5.3.4 est sortie. En août également, ils ont lancé un nouveau projet en collaboration avec l'USGS, qui fournit de brefs rapports quotidiens du lundi au vendredi.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:secure_url content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:type content: image/jpeg
• property: og:image:alt content: Smithsonian GVP Logo
• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
• name: twitter:card content: summary_large_image

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