volcano.si.edu

Globalni vulkanološki program: prozor u vatrenu povijest Zemlje

Zamislite svijet u kojem planine dišu vatru i pepeo. Web stranica vulkana. si. Upravo je edu mjesto gdje se prikupljaju svi podaci o takvim događajima. To je Smithsonianov projekt pod nazivom Globalni vulkanološki program ili GVP. Ono što rade je dokumentiranje erupcija u posljednjih dvanaest tisuća godina. Ne samo velike već i male katastrofe. Zašto je to važno? Jer da biste razumjeli budućnost morate poznavati prošlost.

Fokus programa je brz prijenos informacija. Kad se negdje dogodi erupcija, lokalni promatrači to prijave, a mjesec dana kasnije objavi se bilten. Ali postoji i retrospektiva. Oni prikupljaju povijesne zapise i geološke podatke. Sve to zajedno pomaže nam da se pripremimo za ono što se može dogoditi sutra. Baza podataka Volcanos of the World sadrži katalog svih aktivnih planina za 12 000 godina.

Što se nalazi u bazi podataka?

Postoje popisi vulkana koji su eruptirali 2025. Možete pronaći izvješća o trenutnoj aktivnosti. Postoje dnevni i tjedni sažeci. Na primjer, nedavno je objavljeno izvješće o novoj pukotini na jugozapadu s lavom u lipnju 2024. Ili o snažnoj aktivnosti jezera lave od listopada 2023. do svibnja 2024. Oblaci pepela, toplinske anomalije, sve se to bilježi. Ni male eksplozije poput one 18. prosinca 2023. ne prolaze nezapaženo.

Zanimljivo, sada postoji oko 40-50 tekućih erupcija u isto vrijeme. Ukupno je u proteklih 12 tisuća godina bilo oko 1222 aktivna vulkana. U svijetu ih ima 693 koji pripadaju holocenu, što je 57 posto od ukupnog broja. Oni su raštrkani u 41 različitu regiju. Najaktivnije zemlje su SAD Japan Indonezija Rusija Čile. Ponekad se ljudi pitaju koliko ljudi živi u blizini opasnih planina? Deset vulkana ima više od milijun ljudi u krugu od pet kilometara.

Neke planine gore jako dugo. Postoji 106 erupcija koje su trajale pet ili više godina. A vulkan Yasur u Vanuatuu možda je eruptirao više od 750 godina! Ovo je jednostavno nevjerojatno. Baza podataka se redovito ažurira. U prosincu 2025. izdana je verzija 5. 3. 4. Također su u kolovozu pokrenuli novi projekt zajedno s USGS-om koji pruža kratka dnevna izvješća od ponedjeljka do petka.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:secure_url content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
• property: og:image:type content: image/jpeg
• property: og:image:alt content: Smithsonian GVP Logo
• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
• name: twitter:card content: summary_large_image

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