volcano.si.edu

Global Volcanology Program: et vindu inn i jordens brennende historie

Se for deg en verden der fjell puster ild og aske. Vulkanens nettsted. si. edu er akkurat stedet hvor all data om slike hendelser samles inn. Det er et Smithsonian-prosjekt kalt Global Volcanology Program, eller GVP. Det de gjør er å dokumentere utbrudd de siste tolv tusen årene. Ikke bare store katastrofer, men også små. Hvorfor er dette viktig? For for å forstå fremtiden må du kjenne fortiden.

Programmets fokus er rask overføring av informasjon. Når et utbrudd oppstår et sted, rapporterer lokale observatører det og en måned senere publiseres en bulletin. Men det er også et tilbakeblikk. De samler inn historiske poster og geologiske data. Alt dette sammen hjelper oss å forberede oss på det som kan skje i morgen. Volcanoes of the World-databasen inneholder en katalog over alle aktive fjell i 12 000 år.

Hva er inne i databasen?

Det er lister over vulkaner som brøt ut i 2025. Du kan finne rapporter om gjeldende aktivitet. Det er daglige og ukentlige oppsummeringer. For eksempel kom det nylig en melding om en ny sprekk i sørvest med lava i juni 2024. Eller om lavasjøens sterke aktivitet fra oktober 2023 til mai 2024. Askeplymer, termiske anomalier, alt dette er registrert. Selv små eksplosjoner som den 18. desember 2023 går ikke upåaktet hen.

Interessant nok er det nå rundt 40-50 pågående utbrudd samtidig. Totalt har det i løpet av de siste 12 tusen årene vært rundt 1222 aktive vulkaner. Det er 693 av dem i verden som tilhører holocen, som er 57 prosent av totalen. De er spredt over 41 forskjellige regioner. De mest aktive landene er USA Japan Indonesia Russland Chile. Noen ganger spør folk hvor mange mennesker som bor i nærheten av farlige fjell? Ti vulkaner har mer enn en million mennesker innenfor en radius på fem kilometer.

Noen fjell brenner veldig lenge. Det er 106 utbrudd som varte i fem år eller mer. Og Yasur-vulkanen i Vanuatu kan ha hatt utbrudd i mer enn 750 år! Dette er rett og slett utrolig. Databasen oppdateres jevnlig. I desember 2025 ble versjon 5. 3. 4 utgitt. Også i august lanserte de et nytt prosjekt sammen med USGS som gir korte daglige rapporter fra mandag til fredag.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
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• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
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