volcano.si.edu

Programma globale di vulcanologia: una finestra sulla storia infuocata della Terra

Immagina un mondo in cui le montagne respirano fuoco e cenere. Sito web del vulcano. sì. edu è esattamente il luogo in cui vengono raccolti tutti i dati su tali eventi. È un progetto Smithsonian chiamato Global Volcanology Program, o GVP. Quello che stanno facendo è documentare le eruzioni degli ultimi dodicimila anni. Non solo grandi disastri ma anche piccoli. Perché è importante? Perché per capire il futuro bisogna conoscere il passato.

Il focus del programma è il rapido trasferimento delle informazioni. Quando avviene un'eruzione da qualche parte, gli osservatori locali la segnalano e un mese dopo viene pubblicato un bollettino. Ma c'è anche una retrospettiva. Raccolgono documenti storici e dati geologici. Tutto questo insieme ci aiuta a prepararci per ciò che potrebbe accadere domani. Il database dei Vulcani del Mondo contiene un catalogo di tutte le montagne attive per 12.000 anni.

Cosa c'è nel database?

Sono presenti elenchi di vulcani che hanno eruttato nel 2025. Puoi trovare rapporti sull'attività attuale. Ci sono riepiloghi giornalieri e settimanali. Ad esempio, recentemente è stata segnalata una nuova fessura con lava nel sud-ovest nel giugno 2024. Oppure la forte attività del lago di lava da ottobre 2023 a maggio 2024. Pennacchi di cenere, anomalie termiche, tutto questo è registrato. Anche piccole esplosioni come quella del 18 dicembre 2023 non passano inosservate.

È interessante notare che ora ci sono circa 40-50 eruzioni in corso contemporaneamente. In totale, negli ultimi 12mila anni ci sono stati circa 1222 vulcani attivi. Nel mondo ce ne sono 693 che appartengono all'Olocene, ovvero il 57% del totale. Sono sparsi in 41 regioni diverse. I paesi più attivi sono USA Giappone Indonesia Russia Cile. A volte le persone chiedono quante persone vivono vicino a montagne pericolose? Dieci vulcani ospitano più di un milione di abitanti nel raggio di cinque chilometri.

Alcune montagne bruciano per molto tempo. Ci sono 106 eruzioni che durarono cinque anni o più. E il vulcano Yasur a Vanuatu potrebbe essere in eruzione da più di 750 anni! Questo è semplicemente incredibile. Il database viene aggiornato regolarmente. Nel dicembre 2025 è stata rilasciata la versione 5.3.4. Sempre in agosto hanno lanciato un nuovo progetto insieme all'USGS che fornisce brevi rapporti giornalieri dal lunedì al venerdì.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
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• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
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