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Globalni vulkanološki program: okno v ognjeno zgodovino Zemlje

Predstavljajte si svet, kjer gore dihajo ogenj in pepel. Spletna stran vulkana. si. edu je ravno tisto mesto, kjer se zbirajo vsi podatki o tovrstnih dogodkih. Gre za projekt Smithsonian, imenovan Global Volcanology Program ali GVP. Kar delajo, je dokumentiranje izbruhov v zadnjih dvanajst tisoč letih. Not only big disasters but also small ones. Zakaj je to pomembno? Kajti za razumevanje prihodnosti morate poznati preteklost.

Poudarek programa je na hitrem prenosu informacij. Ko nekje pride do izbruha, lokalni opazovalci o tem poročajo in mesec dni kasneje se objavi bilten. But there is also a retrospective. Zbirajo zgodovinske zapise in geološke podatke. Vse to skupaj nam pomaga pripraviti se na to, kar se lahko zgodi jutri. Baza podatkov Volcanos of the World vsebuje katalog vseh aktivnih gora za 12.000 let.

Kaj je v bazi podatkov?

Obstajajo seznami vulkanov, ki so izbruhnili leta 2025. Najdete lahko poročila o trenutni dejavnosti. There are daily and weekly summaries. For example, there was recently a report of a new fissure in the southwest with lava in June 2024. Or about the strong activity of the lava lake from October 2023 to May 2024. Ash plumes, thermal anomalies, all this is recorded. Tudi majhne eksplozije, kot je bila 18. decembra 2023, ne ostanejo neopažene.

Zanimivo je, da zdaj poteka približno 40-50 izbruhov hkrati. Skupaj je bilo v zadnjih 12 tisoč letih približno 1222 aktivnih vulkanov. Na svetu jih je 693, ki pripadajo holocenu, kar je 57 odstotkov vseh. They are scattered across 41 different regions. Najbolj aktivne države so ZDA, Japonska, Indonezija, Rusija, Čile. Včasih se ljudje vprašajo, koliko ljudi živi v bližini nevarnih gora? Deset vulkanov ima več kot milijon ljudi v radiju petih kilometrov.

Some mountains burn for a very long time. Obstaja 106 izbruhov, ki so trajali pet let ali več. In vulkan Yasur na Vanuatuju morda bruha že več kot 750 let! This is simply incredible. The database is updated regularly. In December 2025, version 5. 3. 4 was released. Prav tako avgusta so skupaj z USGS začeli nov projekt, ki zagotavlja kratka dnevna poročila od ponedeljka do petka.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
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• name: twitter:site content: @SmithsonianGVP
• name: twitter:card content: summary_large_image

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