volcano.si.edu

Global Volcanology Program: ett fönster in i jordens eldiga historia

Föreställ dig en värld där berg andas eld och aska. Vulkanens hemsida. si. edu är exakt platsen där all data om sådana händelser samlas in. Det är ett Smithsonian-projekt som kallas Global Volcanology Program, eller GVP. Vad de gör är att dokumentera utbrott under de senaste tolv tusen åren. Inte bara stora katastrofer utan även små. Varför är detta viktigt? För att förstå framtiden behöver du känna till det förflutna.

Programmets fokus är snabb överföring av information. När ett utbrott inträffar någonstans rapporterar lokala observatörer det och en månad senare publiceras en bulletin. Men det finns också en tillbakablick. De samlar in historiska register och geologiska data. Allt detta tillsammans hjälper oss att förbereda oss för vad som kan hända imorgon. The Volcanoes of the World-databasen innehåller en katalog över alla aktiva berg under 12 000 år.

Vad finns i databasen?

Det finns listor över vulkaner som bröt ut 2025. Du kan hitta rapporter om aktuell aktivitet. Det finns dagliga och veckovisa sammanfattningar. Till exempel kom det nyligen en rapport om en ny spricka i sydväst med lava i juni 2024. Eller om lavasjöns starka aktivitet från oktober 2023 till maj 2024. Askplymer, termiska anomalier, allt detta finns registrerat. Även små explosioner som den 18 december 2023 går inte obemärkt förbi.

Intressant nog finns det nu cirka 40-50 pågående utbrott samtidigt. Totalt har det under de senaste 12 tusen åren funnits cirka 1222 aktiva vulkaner. Det finns 693 av dem i världen som tillhör holocen, vilket är 57 procent av totalen. De är utspridda över 41 olika regioner. De mest aktiva länderna är USA Japan Indonesien Ryssland Chile. Ibland frågar folk hur många människor som bor nära farliga berg? Tio vulkaner har mer än en miljon människor inom en radie på fem kilometer.

Vissa berg brinner väldigt länge. Det finns 106 utbrott som varade i fem år eller mer. Och Yasur-vulkanen i Vanuatu kan ha haft ett utbrott i mer än 750 år! Det här är helt enkelt otroligt. Databasen uppdateras regelbundet. I december 2025 släpptes version 5. 3. 4. Även i augusti lanserade de ett nytt projekt tillsammans med USGS som ger korta dagliga rapporter från måndagar till fredagar.

• name: Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions--small as well as large--during the past 12,000 years. The range of volcanic behavior is great enough, and volcano lifetimes are long enough, that we must integrate observations of contemporary activity with historical and geological records of the recent past in order to prepare wisely for the future. The contemporary focus of the GVP is evident in the central role we play in the rapid dissemination of on-going eruption reports from local observers through our monthly Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network. Our retrospective effort to document Earth's volcanic eruptions of the last 12,000 years has led to development of comprehensive databases and an archive of relevant maps, photos, and documents. Through these two complementary approaches we attempt to provide a context in which any individual volcano's benefits and dangers can be usefully assessed.
• name: Author content: Smithsonian Institution
• name: Keywords content: gvp, volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Title content: Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Title.Alternative content: Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
• name: DC.Format.MIME content: text/html
• name: DC.Contributor.CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Publisher content: Global Volcanism Program, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 119, Smithsonian Institution,
• name: DC.Publisher.Place content: Washington, DC:
• name: DC.Date.Issued content: 1996-
• name: DC.Description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• name: DC.Description.Summary content: This site is the homepage for the Global Volcanism Program at the Smithsonian Institution. It provides current volcanic activity notices, reports published by the Smithsonian since 1968, and basic data about over 1,200 Holocene volcanoes.
• name: DC.Description.Contents content: Volcanic Activity Reports -- Volcanoes of the World
• name: DC.Identifier.URL content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• name: DC.Language content: english
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCC Local content: QE522
• name: DC.Subject scheme: CorporateName content: Smithsonian Institution. Global Volcanism Program.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Volcanoes - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: LCSH content: Paleogeography - Holocene - Electronic information resources.
• name: DC.Subject scheme: Keyword content: volcano, volcanoes, volcanology, volcanism, eruption, eruptive, erupting, Holocene
• name: DC.Relation.Requires content: Mode of access: World Wide Web. Host: volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:site_name content: Smithsonian Institution | Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:title content: Global Volcanism Program
• property: og:url content: https://volcano.si.edu/
• property: og:description content: The Global Volcanism Program (GVP) seeks better understanding of all volcanoes through documenting their eruptions during the past 12,000 years.
• property: og:type content: website
• property: og:image content: https://volcano.si.edu/includes/images/GVP_LogoBanner.jpg
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